Pentagraph



H. NEUMEYER.

Pantograph.

No. 16,148.. Patentedl Dec; 2,1856."4

2 sheers'fs'hgef-L 21 Sheetsw-.Sheet 2. Y

Patented Dec. ,18:56.

H. NEUMEYER.

Pantograph.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY NEUMEYER, OF MACUNGIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

PENTAGRAPH.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 16,148, dated December 2, 1856.

' To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY NEUMEYER, of Macungie, in the county of Lehighand State of Pennsylvania, have invented and made certain new and usefulImprovements in Pentagraphs or Copying Instruments; and I do herebydeclare that the following is a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, marked withletters of reference thereon to show the several parts or elementsthereof.

Figure 1 is a top view of the instrument, wherein A, A, A, A, show anupper sliding framing, formed with two sides and one end piece. Thissliding frame, works on slides on the upper edges of an under frame B,B, made stationary to a base plate or bottom part C, C, C, as shown inthe longitudinal vertical sectional Fig. 2. Upon the base plate orbottom C, C, C, is arranged a bed plate D, D, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, attachedto side or lateral traversing cog racks, E, E, by standards or uprightsF, Fig. 2, the racks being long enough to aord a sweep or play movementtoward and out through the end A of the framing. Upon the bed plate D,which has slots g, g, g, g, Figs. l, 4, are two clasp strips or holderrails H, H, formed with spurs z', z', at their centers, and these stripsare confined or held in place by screws or taps j, j, j, y', so as to beadjustable to and fro in the grooves g, and small rings or liftingdevices 7c, Z4, are attached to the centers of the clasp strip as shownin Figs. 1 and 4. Upon the bed plate D rests the drawing board D2 Figs.1, 4. Vithin the area of the lower or under frame or casing B, parallelto the sides thereof and arranged longitudinally, are cone pulleydevices L, L, of suitable length and diameter. To the butt end of oneand to the smaller end of the other are gear or cog cylinders M, M2Fig. 1. To the ends of these cone pulleys and cylinders are journals oraxle ends. The journals of the left-hand pulley M working in holes orjournal bearings l, 1, Fig. 1, while the journals of the pulley l 2 onthe right side work in slots 2, Fig. 1, formed in the ends of the frameof the instrument, the aXles of the pulley M2 being attached to asliding rack N working in a groove N2, formed onthe inner surface of thefront end of the lower framing B, as in Fig. 3. The journal or axles ofthe righthand pulley M2 are about of an inch below the axles of theleft-hand pulley M, as seen in Fig. 3.

In Figs. l, 2, are shown another set or pair of cone pulleys O, O2,arranged transversely or across the interior of the sliding frame A. VTothe back end pulley are cog gear wheels of equal size, attached to eachend of the cone pulley O2, and working in the longitudinal 'traversingracks E, E, Fig. 2. The front end cone pulley has but one cog or gear onits butt or larger end as at O, Fig. 2. The axle or journals of the conepulley O2 work in standard bearings O3, formed with slots O4, and a rackformation O5, Working on a cog pinion ()6 Fig. 2. The cone pulley O hasto its butt end a cog gear, O7 Figs. l, 2, which works in a frame rack Pmoving in vertical uprights or ways P2 formed with slots and grooves,and attached permanently to the sliding frame on the inner surface ofthe right-hand side thereof. The journal ends of the front cone pulleyalso work in standard bearings attached permanently to the sides of thelower framing, as at P3, Fig. 2, and it will be seen that the axles orjournals of the cone pulley O are elevated, above the plane of thepulley O2. This frame rack P, P, is adjustable up and down, as indicatedby the elevation red lines P4, P4, Fig. 2, and operated by the liftingyoke piece, or adjusting strip Q, Q, Figs. l, 3. Through the sides ofthe sliding frame A, A, near the front ends are square mortises oropenings R, Fig. 2, in which is fitted a sliding bar R2, Fig. 3, groovedthroughout its length as indicated by the dotted lines, and havingformed to one half of its length teeth or cogs. Vithin the groove ofthis sliding bar, tted smoothly is arranged a traversing rack S, S,having formed on its lefthand end, vertical piece of tubing, or a pistonsocket S2, in which works a pencil, or marker r3, made to elevate anddepress through the intervention of a spiral spring and screw threadinserted within the socket or tube S2. Over the circumference of thesliding bar R2, B2, is a clasp device T, kept stationary by fitting intogrooves formed in the sides of the bar. Vertically through this claspdevice is a small hole in which works verticallyv a pointer or follower,formed with a head, and beneath which head and around the follower isemployed a spiral spring, the whole as shown in Fig. 3 at T2 and at T2,Fig. 1.

To the end of the lower framing is attached an indicator, or graduatedscale strip or bar U, U, U, Fig. 1, which scale strip has slipped overit an adjustable graduating slide block U2, formed with a groove inwhich rests a tightening belt or pulley band U3, U3, passing over thetransversely arranged cone pulleys L, L, Fig. 1, and as shown at endelevation Fig. 3. To the lefthand side of the lower framing B, B, isattached another graduated scale strip V, extending almost entirelyacross the upper part of the instrument, and over this scale strip worksa shifting fork device V2, within which rests a band or belt V3, passingover and around the cone pulleys, as shown in Fig. 1.

On the'side of the instrument is arranged longitudinally a rod or bar W,1V, having on each end spur pinions W2 and also a spur pinion in itscenter within a boX bearing X, X, Figs. 1 and 5, and on the back end ofthe instrument is another similar rod X2, X2, Fig. 1.

The operation of the instrument is as follows: TvVhen a facsimile insizeof 'any iigure, letter, or sketch is to be made the original isplaced on the drawing board D2, Fig.

1, and the pointer or follower device T2 is set atany point or partofthe thing to be copied, but the belt or band V2 V3 must be slackenedvor made loose by turning the winch U4, Fig. 1, and also observe thatthe traversing racks E, E, must be confined in their position by thetightening screw 8, on the left hand side of the lower frame near theend thereof. Then after this adjustment of the several parts, theoperator presses down the pointer or follower, and

while being pressed the sliding bar R2, R2, is moved forward if aforward line is wanted, and to the right or left also, according torequirement. It must, however, also be observed that the traversing rackS, S, must necessarily be kept confined by the tightening screw R3,Figs. 1, 3, which efectually prevents the rack from working in and out,which would enlarge the figure in one direction from right to left. Thecopy is then made by the marker or pencil, or equivalent S2, under whosepoint is arranged a suitable board upon which the material for the copyis placed, and thus a facsimile transfer of form or configuration may bereadily produced. To -make a diminished or reduced proportional copy ofan original drawing, or configuration, the original is arranged on theboard or tablet D2, so that the lower part of the original isimmediately under the pointer or follower T2 and band U3 must be shiftedtoward the front of the instrument near to or under the cone pulley O,while the band or belt V3, V2, must be shifted to the left side of theframing near to or over the cone pulley, L, M, Fig. 1;

then, again, the traversing rack S, S, must be permitted to slide freelyin the groove of the sliding bar R2, R2, which if moved forward causesthe bed plate D, with the board or tablet D2, to move in a directionopposite, or from the back part to the front end of the instrument,observing however that the cog wheel O7, of the cone pulley O, Figs. 1,2, be geared into the lower rack at Y, and indicated by the red lines inFig. 2. To gear the cog wheel O7, the rack device is raised upwardly ordepressed as occasion requires. And in order to get graduated,intermediate reduced sizes, or proportions between a facsimile and theleast size, the belts or bands U3, V3, are shifted back or forth so asto afford the required proportion and which is indicated by the scale orsizes marked on the strip- U, V, Fig. 1, to suit the purposes designed.Again, when an increased proportional size, or an enlarged copyV isdesired, the cog wheel O7 must gear into the upper or top rac-k as shownin black ink, in Fig. 2, the rack being pushed down instead of beingraised up. The

traversing rack S, S, .must be permitted to move freely by loosening orunscrewing the screw R2, while the belts V3, must be arranged nearer theleft hand side of the instrulnent at about one third the length of thecone pulleys, from the left hand side. While the band or belt U2, V2,may be nearly in the middle'of the length of the cone pulleys L M-L M2.Thus the motion of the bed plate and tablet D, D2, has imparted to theman advance and retrograde movement, which is equal to or the same as theright and left motion or sweep of the sliding bar, while the traversingrack moves a distance equal to the advance motions of the bed plate andtablet, and sliding frame A A and pointer or follower T2, Figs. 1, 3. Asthe traversing rack moves a greater distance in proportion to thepointer, consequently the bed plate and tablet must advance or move toand fro simultaneously with the pointer, so as to make up the proportionor ratio, required longitudinally, as well as transversely, in theseveral movements of the instrument. Again the in strument issusceptible of being so adjusted after a little experience of theoperator as to admit of preserving a true proportion one way whileanother way the proportions may be enlarged or diminished, and by sucharrangement in forming or copying letters or separate characters theymay be formed elongated one way and expanded another way. The instrumentis also capable of delineating shorter, or longer parallel lines, andperfect circles, irregular curves, ovals, etc., as well as beingsusceptible of being converted into an engraving instrument bysubstituting a graver pointed tool in place of a marker, pencil, or

tracer. In the tightening up of the belts and bands U3, V3, through theintervention of racks N, and pistons W2, Fig. 3, and O5, O, Fig. 2, caremust be observed not to turn the Winches U4, U5, Fig. l, too often so asto tighten too much in which event the cone pulleys will not revolvesmoothly 0r at all. In shifting the belts or bands, the Winches are tobe reversed, when the Worm thread or screw revolves the pinion cogs, andadmits the shifting of the belts by aid of manipular agency. Fig. 5 is asectional portion showing the worm or screw, working into the pinions.

Fig. 6 shows the tablet or dra-Wing board' detached from the bed plateD, D.

Deeming it unnecessary to enter more into further detail description ofthe appli,

cation, and various operations of my 1mproved pentagraph instrument, andhaving fully described the form and construction thereof and delineatedthe same by suitable diagrams in detail, and believing there is noinstrument similar in construction,

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates is 1. The upper sliding frame A A A A, in combination with theunder stationary frame and casing B, B, B, C, C, and the traversing cogracks E, E and uprights F, Figs. l, 2, the slotted traversing bed plateD, D, g, g, H, H with the traversing drawing board or tablet D2, Figs.1, 4, the compound cog and geared cone pulleys L, L, M, M2, O, O2, OT,Fig. l, the compound or double and adjustable rack devices P, P, P2, P3,P2, Q, Q, Q, Figs. l, 2, 3, as described.

2. I also claim the grooved sliding rack bar4 R2, R2, and the traversingrack S, S, with its devices S2, T2, Figs. l, 3, when combined with theirpinions and cone pulleys, and the traveling carriage A, A, Figs. l, 2,as described.

HENRY NEUMEYER. [1.. s]

Attest:

JNO. S. GALLAHER, JOHN S. HoLLiNesHEAD.

